muerwre.github.io/content/Frontend/WebGL/Vertex Shaders.md
2022-11-27 19:44:07 +06:00

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Read [Basics of WebGL (Drawing a Cube)](Basics%20of%20WebGL%20(Drawing%20a%20Cube).md) first.
**Vertex Shaders** define vertice positions in 3D-space. That's just a function, that defines `gl_Position` value by applying different transformations to it.
## Sample code
```c
// current vertice position {x,y,z,w}
attribute vec4 aVertexPosition;
// final vertice position with all transformations applied,
// that will be passed to Fragment Shader
varying vec4 v_positionWithOffset;
// Parameters passed from Javascript loop
uniform float slide;
uniform float aspect;
void main(){
// float array of 4 elements, same as [slide,slide,slide,1]
vec4 scale=vec4(vec3(slide),1);
// float array of 4 elements, same as [aspect,1,1,1]
vec4 aspectRatioFix=vec4(aspect,vec3(1));
// vertice position, multiplied with matrices of scale and aspect ratio
gl_Position=aVertexPosition*scale*aspectRatioFix,
// vertice offset, that will be passed to fragment shader
v_positionWithOffset=gl_Position+vec4(1,1,1,1);
}
```
## Passing parameters to VertexShader
Search for `Uniforms` [at open.gl](https://open.gl/drawing) for further reading.
There're 3 ways to pass parameters.
- `attribute` are parameters, that won't change. Good for vertex buffers.
- `uniform` are meant to change over the time. Good for passing transformations.
- `varying` are parameters, that's shared between Vertex and [Fragment Shaders](Fragment%20Shaders.md).
## Applying transformations
Every vertice position is defined as `{x,y,z,w}`, where `w` is a common denominator, that's used to achieve fast coord transformations by multiplying number of square matrices with original vertice coordinates.
==We don't change vertice position buffer==, because it's slow when being run inside Javascript loop, we ==pass transformation matrices== instead and ==multiply vertice positions with transformation matrices== inside a Graphic Card's GPU, because that's what GPU made for.
Good explanation can be found here: [open.gl](https://open.gl/transformations).